You don’t hear or read a whole lot on the actual manifold as a component I mean comparative to the amount of discussions, threads and articles about the gauge.
This is a piece out of the Manifold Gauge: The Definitive Guide that I’ve been “working” on for the past several months. In the Definitive Guide we look at the hoses, the valves, the analog, the digital and yep, you guessed it the manifold. This is practice in the art of deception at it’s best.
We’re going to play a little game here for the next few days. Take a look at the manifold below - after you get tired of looking at it - in a reply to the thread, tell me what you see wrong with it. I’ll answer it in a few days and we’ll see who’s been paying attention.
For you old codgers, if you can’t see the manifold well enough above, click the image below to open a high resolution copy.Ready - Set………………………………….Play.
I should note this is not a machining error we are looking for. This is a deceptive design practice that we will discuss in greater detail in the Definitive Guide.
We get alot of emails from tech’s asking the differences in the Testo First and Second Generation 523’s, the 556 and the 560’s. This article will be a very basic summary of those differences. Keep in mind the Testo 500 Series RSA’s are complex, advanced refrigeration system diagnostic instruments - in particular the 556 and the 560. Each can be fully customized and configured to suit literally every field application. We strongly recommend that prior to making an investment in any of these three instruments that you contact TRUTech Tools athttp://www.trutechtools.comThey will discuss with you in detail the capabilities, available configurations and make a customized package recommendation designed for each technician’s specific requirements. We also, obviously recommend registering at HVACPROTech.com and accessing the most complete, unbiased data based on FieldTests and member evaluations of these instruments available anywhere on the internet.
Testo 523: Generation 1
The First Generation 523 is no longer in production and is not available directly from Testo. It is still available, in limited quantities from TRUTech. If you are considering the transition from analog to digital manifold gauge technology this is definitely an option that merits consideration. The First Generation 523 was originally marketed under the trade name Testo Kool and depending upon where and when you purchased it listed for anywhere from $700.00 up to $1050.00. This version was an exceptionally advanced instrument, particularly in consideration of it’s release date and in comparison to the alternative standard at the time, the analog manifold gauge. From a strictly physical appearance perspective, as you can see below - the First and Second Generations hold little resemblance to one another.
The Second Generation 523 display screen is significantly larger. The valve handles recess, the vertical structure of the case has been refined to include slightly concaved recesses on either side for easier handling. The Second Generation is a sleeker, refined, modern and by the description of some who have evaluated it a ”sexier” looking design
When you look past the appearances there are differences in the 1rst and 2nd Generations that merit mentioning. The 1rst Gen. 523 was equipped with the capability to data log - a capability and a function that has widely beed used as a diagnostics tool in commercial applications for many, many years, and one whose effectiveness and versatility is very quickly being discovered by the technician community. This capability was ”designed out” of the 2nd Gen. 523 - it it’s place the option of communicating the systems operational parameters via infrared signaling to a thermal printer was designed in. The 2nd Generation 523 can be purchased with the infrared printer included with the instrument or without it. A sidenote that I find an admirable quality in Testo is the fact that their IR platform accomodates all IR compatible instruments in their line, so in this case one size really does fit all. Additional less than obvious differences are the change in sensors. The 1rst Gen utilized an absolute pressure [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_pressure]sensor, whereas the 2nd Gen utilizes a relative pressure [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_pressure] sensor. A “nulling” [ refer to this article: http://digitalzeus.wordpress.com/2008/01/09/digital-gauge-dictionary-zeroed-or-nulled/to learn more about the relevance of nulling ], value was also designed in to the instrument. The final note relevant to the 1rst Gen 523 is applicable to all digital manifold gauges, but specifically those that are housed or left seated in a poly case, such as those the 500 Series RSA line is packaged in. When charging liquid into a system, with the manifold gauge seated in it’s case an inherent risk of damage as a result of static discharge [see the demonstration below] is present.
The entire Second Generation 500 Series RSA’s have enhanced protection in comparison to their First Generation counterparts against static discharge damage. [It is still our recommendation, even given the enhanced protection that the RSA be removed from it's case and hung from the equipment to establish a ground path when charging liquid into the equipment]. The last remaining available original, in the box ”Testo Kool” 523’s that I am personally aware of are available from TRUTech. TRUTech offers the option of either purchasing the base 523 [without data logging support peripherals ie., software and cable] for approximately $350.00 - it is also available with data logging support peripherals for approximately $425.00. A PROTech highly recommended value.
Testo 523: Generation 2
If you’ve spent 10 minutes around computers, then you’ll know when you see the familiar little v. that it is representative of a version change - that can be interpreted in one of two ways, depending I suppose on whether you are an optimist or a pessimist. It can mean either new and improved or broken and fixed. Both of those analogies can be applied to the Second Generation 523. Originally introduced as the RSA 523 v. 2.00 - the instrument was recalled due to a potential issue relevant to manifold integrity and the concern that refrigerant loss was a possibility, the resulting correction was the addition of a hose port protective skirt, [see the side by side illustration below]:
Aside from the above noted revision there are no physically distinguishable differences in v. 2.00 and v. 2.01of the 2nd Gen 523. [This revision was actually academic, and was obviously made at no cost to the technician - the only reason it merits mentioning is to caution the technician that may consider purchasing this instrument from a source that is not recognized as an authorized source, as an example, from a private seller on EBay. If you see this instrument without it's protective skirting, there is the possibility of known refrigerant loss at the manifold ports]. The second and as of the date of publish of this article, the final revision made to the 2nd Gen. 523 was a firmware flash. This revision also requires the instrument be returned to Testo New Jersey for implementation. Even though the 523 is primarily marketed as a residential applications instrument [an inaccurate characterization, in my experience], FieldTesting of the 523 revealed that it’s refresh or update rate was not adequate in setting or varifying intricate pressure controls like those typically found in commercial and transport refrigeration equipment, [a side by side illustration of the refresh rate prior to flashing and following flashing is below]:
This revision, by means of a firmware flash resulted in the designation of the RSA 523 v. 2.02. The following data relevant to the features and capabilities of the 2nd Generation 523 v. 2.02, in the quoted areas are extracted from the TRUTech Tools website, remember TRUTech builds and esigns custom RSA packages. Specific accessories included with TRUTech custom packages are not reflective of all autorized distributors of these instruments. TRUTech typically excels in both value and support and service, if you do not intend to purchase this instrument from them consult the vendor of your selection.
Unparalled Features:
1.Ability to print the measurement results on site via wireless printer
3.Large backlit display, and intuitive user operation
4.Three and four valve designs are available with a 3/8-evacuation port on four valve manifolds
5.High durability valve handles with Teflon seats
6.Backlit sight glass and display
7.Hose holder with integrated LCD protection
8.Pre loaded refrigerants: 30
No other product made can compete at any level. Testo has taken a quantum leap forward in AC/R measurements allowing the lab technician or service technician to deliver consistently accurate results to owners, manufacturers and end users of air conditioning and refrigeration equipment
Superheat and Subcooling Measurement: Thirty on board temperature pressure charts provide unparalleled detail and accuracy of refrigerant saturation temperatures, superheat and subcooling. Unlike traditional paper charts no interpolation of the temperature-pressure relationship is required. It is now possible to measure and set superheat and subcooling with laboratory accuracy in the field as the Testo 523 reads pressures and temperatures to the tenth of a psi and tenth of a degree and automatically calculates real-time superheat and subcooling values. Temperature measurement is just as critical as pressure when commissioning and servicing equipment.
Temperature: The platinum based (platinum film on a ceramic substrate) 4-wire construction, of the spring loaded temperature sensor (Pt-100) has a very low mass (yielding a fast response) and is not affected by stray voltages that may be present on the refrigeration equipment. Unlike traditional K-type thermocouples, the sensor is electrically isolated from the RSA. Isolating the temperature sensor electrically form the system eliminates the possibility of incorrect temperature measurement resulting from stray electrical currents or ghost voltages often present on improperly grounded refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Because the resistance of a Pt100 sensor bears an absolute relationship to temperature (unlike a thermocouple whose output depends on the difference between the hot junction and cold junction) no special compensating circuit needs to be provided in the electronics. In short, the Pt100 has a wide operating range, excellent accuracy, good linearity, excellent physical strength, long-term stability, and is the preferred sensor for all industrial processes where accuracy and repeatability are required. Additionally, Pt100 probes may be replaced without recalibration of the RSA instruments. Sensors are available in lengths up to 40 feet. The Velcro-elastic strap provides insulation from ambient air along with positive contact to the refrigeration line from ¼” to 3” in diameter. Air and immersion probes are available to further enhance your testing applications.
Time: Incorporated into the system analyzer is a new dimension; time. The entire new generation of RSA products incorporates a real time clock that permits accurate documentation of the time and date readings were recorded via the wireless printer or data logging. Testo was first-to-market with a complete line of refrigeration system analyzers that incorporate data logging, and now the first to bring wireless printing to the complete line. Owners of Testo combustion or other test equipment that already use a wireless printer will benefit from cost savings, as the printer is universal to all Testo products. A printout of the final operating parameters on all RSA products allows for field documentation of operating at system startup or pre and post operation.
The Testo 523digital refrigeration/air conditioning system analyzers are a multipurpose tool designed for every day use replacing a gauge manifold, superheat or subcooling thermometers, pressure-temperature charts, etc.. with a rugged hand held versatile tool.
Included in the kit:
523 RSA & Pipe Clamp Probe
Hose Keeper/ Screen Protector Accessory
Note that while the package above is infrared ready, it is not equipped with the infrared thermal printer. This is an available option or the printer can be purchased ata later date.
Testo 556/560 : Generation 2
Seem like too much information yet? The 523 was the easy part. The instrument capabilities as well as complexities drastically increase with the 556/560 models. Selection of either of these two instruments is where the importance of configuration packages become critical, and as we have several times prior, strongly recommend you contact TRUTech Tools for guidance and recommendations relevant to your specific applications and the peripherals you will want to include with your individual configuration package.
The 556 and the 560 repectively, are referred to as a professional and planned service instrument and a professional, planned service and commissioning instrument. So what seperates the 556 from the 523 - the 556 incorporates a 4 valve manifold [below with a 3/8" service port], configuration (with illuminated sight glass), whereas the 523 manifold configuration is 2 valve.
The 556 also facilitates the potential to connect a total of 4 temperature probes. Wireless temperature measurements can be acquired from a distance of 65.616′ unobstructed.
When used in tandem with optional EasyKool software a total of 60,000 readings can be stored and referenced. An exceptionally wide variety of accessories are available to complement the 556 for virtually any known application. A list of these accessories is provided below. One of the reasons, assuming you’ve noticed, that the 556 and the 560 are often referenced in unison (556/560} is due to the fact that a single capability seperates the two. The 560 is available with a high quality pressure sensor to facilitate acquisition of absolute pressure and the display of corresponding evaporation temperature of water.
The 556/560 are each divided into two seperately designated appendices to their base model designations that should be noted. Base instrument model designations may be followed by either a 1 or a 2, (556-1 | 556-2), (560-1 | 560-2) - in both instances these appendices designate the refrigerant application suitability. [1] indicates a brass instrument that is suitable for at least the 30 refrigerant profiles [profiles listed below] included with the RSA Series, excluding NH3. The designation of numeral [2] indicates a stainless steel version designed for use in NH3 applications.
The data in the thumbnails below are specification sheets and available Accessory options. Click on the thumbnails for a full sized view of each document.
Testo RSA 523 | 556 | 560 Specification Sheet
Testo RSA 523 | 556 | 560 Accessory Profiles
Please remember this is a very limited, brief overview of the differences seperating Generational changes and model features and capabilities. This article should not be used to determine the configuration you will need for your individual applications. I very strongly recommend, if you are considering the purchase of either the 556/560, that you give TRUTech Tools a call and discuss your applications requirements and your own personal preferences relevant the what you want to be able to do with the instrument and what you may not want. Talk to Jim, tell him Zeus sent you. Contact information is available athttp://www.trutechtools.comand remember for real world field experiences and capabilities of these and other instruments -http://www.hvacprotech.com
Most if not all micron sensors utilized in refrigeration diagnostics use thermistors to sense vacuum levels by means of a decrease in heat dissipation due to an increasingly deep vacuum. If the thermistor gets coated with oil [a possibility when applied to a manifold] it is subsequently insulated, resulting in erratic, inaccurate readings.
Testo® utilizes an isolated piezo sensor [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectric_sensor ] to sense vacuum - isolated by a stainless steel diaphragm and silicon oil [incompressible] as a hydraulic medium. The stainless steel is not subject to contamination by oil or other debris that may be present in the system.
..If you look at a superheat charging chart for a fixed orifice system, you quickly see the required superheat varies with outdoor and indoor conditions. As the outdoor temperatures vary, so does the required superheat…pretty much the same relationship for indoor temperatures. Why? The net force pushing liquid through the metering device is the difference [...]
Unless you’ve been living under a rock for the past several years, you know R-22 is on the way out and R-410A appears to be the manufacturer’s weapon of choice for heat pump and comfort cooling equipment. If you’ve already encountered a 410A system and had a less than pleasant experience, possibly attempting to correct [...]
One of the more frustrating and difficult situations with heat pump diagnostics is open circuits in the control wiring. There is a logical process to follow when attempting to locate the failure…
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A common failure with residential equipment condenser and blower motors is not actually the motor, but the run capacitor. Probably the majority of the time, the capacitors fail “open”…the motor can’t develop the necessary torque to actually begin rotation. So, it justs sits in a “stalled” condition, pulling above normal amps…the video gives some thoughts [...]
The Pt100 temperature probe on the Testo 500 series refrigeration instruments has been carefully designed to work under a wide range of applications while providing the fastest temperature response in the industry. The platinum based 4 wire construction of the sensor has exceptionally low mass and is shielded from electrical interference from ghost voltages or static electricity [...]
Some thought on combustion testing.
When performing a combustion test, one of the most important concepts to understand is stability of the combustion process. If the combustion process is not stable, it is not safe. Once a flame is established, the burner should quickly reach study state operation and not be affected by factors external to it.
While [...]
Why test?
Making and interpreting measurements is a crucial part of any job involving service, installation, design verification, engineering, or factory support of HVAC/R equipment. When it comes to verifying proper operation of the installed equipment it is critical that measurements made in the field are just as accurate as those made the laboratory. At Trutech we [...]
It has been four years since the US introduction of the first generation of Testo refrigeration products. Our new generation of the Testo line of refrigeration system analyzers (RSA’s) will continue to change the way the HVAC/R world troubleshoots, commissions and services AC & refrigeration systems. Although the first generation of refrigerant products was highly [...]
The 523 was the easy part. The instrument capabilities as well as complexities drastically increase with the 556/560 models. Selection of either of these two instruments is where the importance of configuration packages become critical, and as we have several times prior, strongly recommend you contact TRUTech Tools for guidance and recommendations relevant to your specific applications and the peripherals you will want to include with your individual configuration package.
